General Information (B)


Babel
The
tower of Babel was built by the people of Babylon in an attempt to reach heaven.

Babelavante
Babelavante is an old term from the Middle Ages for a bad joke.

Bacampicillin Hydrochloride
Bacampicillin hydrochloride is a drug used to treat upper and lower
respiratory
tract infections; urinary tract infections and skin
infections. It has the possible side effects of: Nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), stomatitis
(inflammation of the mouth), hypersensitivity (rash) and itching.

Baccarat
Baccarat is a gambling card game.

Backgammon
Backgammon is an old board game also called tric trac,
tavla or tables.

Background noise
In electronics, background noise is the aggregate of random noise in a sound-reproducing system, arising from such causes as radio interference,
valve and other circuit noise, record scratch, etc. and not from the signal being reproduced.

Badminton
Badminton is a game played on a
court divided in half by a 30 inch deep net five feet above the ground.

Badminton
Badminton is a game played on a rectangular
court by two players, or two pairs of players, with light rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a high net that divides the court in half.

Baffle
A baffle is a rigid structure, such as a sheet of sound-insulating material, used to improve the distribution of
sound waves.

Bagpipe
The bagpipe is a Scottish musical instrument.

Bakelite
Bakelite is a strong synthetic material resistant to heat and chemicals.

Balalaika
A balalaika is a stringed
Russian musical instrument.

Baldric
A baldric is a
belt used to support a sword or bugle.

Ballad
A ballad is a narrative song.

Ballistics
Ballistics is the theory of missile projection.

Balloon
A balloon is a bag filled with gas.

Ballot
A ballot is a method of secret voting.

Balun
Balun is a shortened term derived from BALanced to UNbalanced
transformer. A balun is often used in radio to allow the connection of an unbalanced cable to a balanced aerial system.

Banjo
A banjo is a stringed musical instrument.

Barbitone
see "
Veronal"

Barge
A barge is a type of long narrow flat bottomed
boat.

Barium
Barium is a metal
element of the alkaline earth group with the symbol Ba.

Barometer
A barometer is a device for measuring
air pressure.

Baron
Baron is an
English peerage title.

Barque
A barque is a type of masted sailing
ship.

Barquentine
A barquentine is a 3 mast sailing
ship.

Barrel
A barrel is a dry and liquid measurement that varies with substance.

Basalt
Basalt is the name given to
lava. It is high in ferrous and magnesian silicates.

Baseball
Baseball is the national game of
USA.

Basin
In geography, a basin is a drainage area of a river and its confluents.

Basket
A basket is a woven container.

Bassoon
A bassoon is a
woodwind musical instrument.

Baud
Baud is a unit of
computer etc. signalling speed. The speed in Baud is the number of discrete conditions or signal elements per second. If each signal event represents only one bit condition, then Baud is the same as bits per second. Baud does not equal bits per second.

Bauhaus
Bauhaus is a
German institution for training architects, artists and industrial designers founded in 1919 at Weimer.

Bay
In geography, a bay is a broad open indentation in a coast-line.

BBS
A BBS (Bulletin Board System) is a communicating
computer equipped so as to provide informational messages, file storage and transfer and a degree of message exchange to dial-up data terminal or personal computer users.

BCD
BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) is a binary-coded notation in which each decimal digit of a number is expressed in binary form; Example: 23 decimal is 10111 in binary, and 0010 0011 in BCD.

Beat-frequency Oscillator
A Beat-frequency Oscillator (B.F.O.) is a device for generating oscillations of approximately sinusoidal waveform by combining two radio-frequency electrical oscillations of different frequencies.

Beaufort scale
The
beaufort scale measures wind speed at sea.

Becquerel Rays
Becquerel Rays was a name originally given to the radiations emitted by
radioactive substances, and now distinguished as Alpha Rays, Beta Rays, and Gamma Rays.

Beer
Beer is a drink of fermented
hops, malt and barley.

Bellini-Tosi Aerial
A Bellini-Tosi
aerial is an arrangement of two large fixed-frame aerials mounted at right angles to each other and used in conjunction with a radiogoniometer in radio direction finding.

Bellows
Bellows are apparatus for creating a draught.

Belt
A belt is a flat strip of material worn around the
waist.

Benedictine
Benedictine is a
green liqueur.

Bengal Hemp
see "
Sunn Hemp"

Benzene
Benzene is a distillate of
petroleum used in dry cleaning.

Beryllium
Beryllium is an alkaline metal
element with the symbol Be.

Bessemer converter
The
bessemer converter is a process for making cheap steel. Basically, impurities are removed from the pig iron by blasting air through the molten metal and adding lime to remove phosphorus from the metal. The process takes about twenty minutes.

Beta Particles
Beta Particles are electrons travelling at velocities up to 99 per cent of the
velocity of light, such as are emitted from the nuclei of the atoms of radioactive materials.

Beta Rays
Beta rays are streams of high-velocity
beta particles travelling at speeds approaching that of light.

Betatron
A betatron is an apparatus for accelerating electrons to very high velocities by means of a periodic magnetic field, thus producing "artificial"
beta rays.

Bezique
Bezique is a card game using some of two packs of cards.

Bhang
Bhang is an Indian drink prepared from the leave and shoots of the
hemp (cannabis) plant.

Bicycle
A bicycle is a two wheeled vehicle.

Bight
In geography, a bight is a
shallow even indentation in the sea coast, often of great width.

Bikini
The Bikini is a two-piece item of women's swim-wear. It was invented in 1946 by a
French designer and was called the "bikini" after the atom bomb test at bikini atoll, the premise being that the bikini was as small as an atom, and the results were explosive! When first revealed, no professional model could be found to model such a revealing item of clothing, and so a cabaret dancer was hired to model the first bikini.

Billiards
Billiards is a game played with two white balls and one
red ball and a cue on a slate bed table. One of the white balls has two black spots on it, this ball is called the spot-ball and is used to start the game.

Biotin
see "
Vitamin H"

Bise
The bise is a dry north wind prevalent in
Switzerland and southern France.

Bitter
Bitter is a taste sensation caused by stimulation of the gustatory
nerve.

Bitters
Bitters is an
alcoholic beverage of sugar herbs and alcohol.

Bitumen
Bitumen is a natural inflammable pitchy
hydrocarbon.

Black Feet
The Black Feet are a north
American Indian tribe.

Blackhead
A blackhead is dirt blocking a pore that often causes
acne.

Blanket
A blanket is an extensive covering. Often a warm bed covering.

Bloom
A bloom is a lump of puddled
iron, which leaves the furnace in a rough state, to be subsequently rolled into bars or whatever.

Bloomer Costume
The
Bloomer costume was a style of dress adopted around 1849 by Mrs Bloomer of New York. It consisted of a jacket with close sleeves, a skirt reaching a little below the knee, and a pair of Turkish pantaloons secured by bands around the ankles.

Blue peter
The blue
peter is a flag flown by ships as they are about to sail.

Bluefish
The bluefish is a
fish found off the east coast of north America.

Boat
A boat is transport for conveyance across
water.

Bog
Bog is the name given to soft spongy land.

Bohea
Bohea is an inferior kind of black
tea.

Bolero
The bolero is a Spanish
dance of the ballet class for couples or a single female dancer. It is a slow step with much waving of the arms.

Bolt-ropes
Bolt-ropes were ropes used to strengthen the sails of a
ship.

Boltzmann's Constant
Boltzmann's
constant is the ratio of the mean total enery in a molecule to its absolute temperature.

Book of the Dead
The Book of the Dead was an ancient
Egyptian collection of religious texts for guiding the departed soul safely through the dangers of the Amenti, the lower world. A copy of the work was placed with the mummy in his tomb.

Boopsy
Boopsy is a Jamaican term for a man who supports a woman materially, and yet receives no sexual gratification in return (being boopsed). Hence the expression; "
Mi a no boops!" which translates as "I am not a boopsy".

Bootikin
A bootikin was a wood and
iron boot used in torture to extract confessions from the victim. Wooden wedges were hammered between the leg and the boot with a mallet so as to crush the victims bone.

Bootstrap Loader
A Bootstrap Loader is a
computer input routine in which pre-set operations are placed into a computer that enable it to get into operation whenever a reset condition occurs; in electronic PBXs this may be called Automatic Program Loading or a similar term; in personal computers it is the sequence that searches predetermined disks for a Command Interpreter program, then a Configure System file; finally an Autoexecution Batch file.

Bore
In geography, a bore is a tidal wave produced in river estuaries by the rapid narrowing of the channel.

Boric acid
Boric
acid is an acid of borax found naturally.

Boron
Boron is an
element with the symbol B found in borax.

Bort
Bort is a powdered form of
diamond.

Boston
The Boston is variation of the
waltz danced in very slow time against the rhythm of the music.

Bowline
The bowline is a non-slip
knot.

Braccae
Braccae were an early trouser-like garment worn by the ancient Britons at the time of the
Roman Invasion.

Bran
Bran is the outer covering of wheat
grains.

Brandy
Brandy is an
alcoholic beverage of distilled wine.

Brass
Brass is an
alloy of copper and zinc.

Brig
A brig is a two masted sailing
ship.

Brigantine
A brigantine is a 2 mast sailing
ship.

British Gum
see "
Dextrin"

Bromide
see "
Potassium Bromide"

Bromine
Bromine is a non-metallic
element with the symbol Br.

Bronchitis
Bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the
bronchial mucous membrane.

Bronze
Bronze is an
alloy of copper and tin.

Buckram
Buckram was a coarse
textile fabric stiffened with glue and used in garments to give them and to keep them in the form intended.

Buckskin
Buckskin is a soft form of
leather.

Bude Light
The
bude light was a very bright gas lamp invented by Mr Gurney who lived in Bude, Cornwall. The bude lamp fed a stream of oxygen into the flame of an argand-lamp or gas-burner.

Buff
Buff is the stout velvety dull-yellow
leather of buffalo or ox hide.

Buff Leather
Buff leather is a type of leather made from the skin of buffalo and other oxen. It is dressed with oil and used for making bandoliers, belts, pouches and gloves amongst other items.

Bugle
A bugle is a
brass musical instrument.

Bulimia
Bulimia is a disorder in which the patient has a morbidly voracious appetite. It is certainly not a new disorder, for it was known of in 1906.

Bulkhead
A bulkhead is an upright partition dividing watertight compartments of a
ship.

Bullion
Bullion is
gold or silver in bars, plates or other masses which has not been minted

Bum-boat
A bum-boat is a small
boat used to sell produce to ships lying at a distance from the shore

Bunion
A bunion is an inflamed swelling on the foot, especially at the
joint of the great toe.

Burl
A burl is a
knot. The term is used in veneering to refer to an overgrown knot in the wood.

Burnt Sienna
Burnt Sienna is the popular name for Terra di Sienna, a brown
ferruginous ochre used in painting, and obtained from Italy. Before being used as a pigment it is calcined, and hence the name Burnt Sienna.

Busby
A busby is a head-dress worn by British
army hussars.

Bushel
The bushel is a unit of capacity measurement equivalent to 4 pecks, 8 gallons or 3.637 dekalitres. It is also used a measure of weight for apples, equivalent to about 40
lbs.

Bushels
see "
Bushel"

Butane
Butane is an
alkane inflammable gas by product of petroleum.

Butte
A butte is an isolated abrupt flat-topped hill found in the west
USA.

Buttress
A buttress in architecture is a pier built against the exterior of a wall.